The specified components are circular metal parts designed to connect tires to the wheel hubs of a specific vehicle model and year. They serve the crucial function of supporting the tire, maintaining its shape, and transferring the driving and braking forces to the road. An example includes a set of five-spoke alloy wheels intended for use on a sedan from the 2009 model year produced by a prominent Japanese automotive manufacturer.
These parts are essential for vehicle performance, handling, and safety. Their design and material composition influence factors such as ride quality, fuel efficiency, and braking effectiveness. Historically, the styling and material used in their construction have evolved alongside automotive design trends, progressing from simple steel designs to more complex and aesthetically pleasing alloy versions. This evolution has also been driven by the need for increased strength and reduced weight.